The Leaky Bucket

The ICC’s groundbreaking annual research on immigrant retention in Canada

Immigrants are leaving Canada in record numbers

Canada is losing the very people we need the most. Recent findings from our 2025 Leaky Bucket research reveal that immigrants continue to leave Canada at near-record rates, with highly educated and highly skilled immigrants leaving Canada the fastest.

1 in 5

immigrants leave Canada within 25 years

Atlantic Canada

faces the greatest retention challenge

High-skilled immigrants

leave at twice the rate of low-skilled workers

In-demand occupations

have the highest onward migration rates


Read the Reports

2025

Retention Trends in Highly Skilled Immigrants and In-Demand Occupations

The Leaky Bucket 2025 finds that immigrants continue to leave Canada at near-record rates, with highly educated and highly skilled immigrants leaving Canada at twice the rate of those with less education and lower skills.

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2024

A Closer Look at Immigrant Onward Migration in Canada

This second look at The Leaky Bucket reveals that the proportion of immigrants leaving Canada has reached an all-time high. Despite extreme pandemic travel restrictions, immigrants still found ways to leave in record numbers.

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A new report from the Institute for Canadian Citizenship (ICC), The Leaky Bucket, finds that growing numbers of immigrants to Canada are deciding to leave rather than stay.

2023

A Study of Immigrant Retention Trends in Canada

The first edition of this groundbreaking research revealed a steady increase in onward migration of immigrants in Canada and highlighted the importance for policy makers to monitor the onward migration rate.

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The Leaky Bucket in the News

800 million

media impressions generated by The Leaky Bucket 2025